SFGH Guidelines for treating suspected or confirmed EVD infection

 

  1. CSF obtained from EVD is consistent with infection based on cell count, glucose, protein.  If the Gram stain is negative for organisms, start cefepime 2 g IV q 8 hr and vancomycin 15 mg/kg IV q 12 hr.  If the Gram stain is positive for organisms, start directed therapy (please consult ID).

 

  1. If the CSF culture is negative, usually antibiotics can be stopped.  If the CSF culture is positive, tailor IV antibiotics appropriately and go to steps below (please consult ID, if not done previously).

 

  1. If the EVD can be removed safely, remove the EVD.  Continue intravenous antibiotics and monitor clinically.  If patient responds well, continue intravenous antibiotics for one week.  If the patient does not respond well, discuss re-sampling of CSF and possible use of intrathecal antibiotics depending on CSF results.  If the EVD cannot be removed safely, ideally it should be replaced on the opposite side.  Continue intravenous antibiotics.  If the patient responds well and the EVD remains in place, continue intravenous antibiotics for minimum of one week. 

 

  1. Will need to re-sample CSF to document clearance.  If the patient does not respond well within 48 – 72 hours, low threshold to use intrathecal antibiotics.

 

See flow diagram below.